对于备考湖北专升本的同学来说，英语的语法知识是非常重要的。掌握了语法要点不仅有助于提高阅读理解、写作、翻译等答题能力，也是顺利通过考试的基石。

一、if引导的虚拟条件句

if条件句中的虚拟语气主要通过动词时态变化体现。

（1）与现在事实相反： 从句：If + 主语 + 动词过去式 (be多用were)，主句：主语 + would / should / could / might + 动词原形

举例① If I wereyou，I would try it again.如果我是你，我会再试一次。

② If I were you， I would focus more on practicing past exam papers.如果我是你，我会更专注于练习历年真题。

（2）与过去事实相反：从句：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，

主句：主语 + would / should / could / might + have + 过去分词

举例①  If he had started preparing earlier， he would have passed the exam easily.如果他早点开始准备，他本可以轻松通过考试。

② If he had known the truth，he wouldn't have been so angry.如果他知道真相，就不会这么生气了。

（3）与将来事实相反：从句：If + 主语 + did/were；should+动词原形； were to+动词原形，主句：主语 + would / should / could / might + 动词原形

举例① If it rained tomorrow,I would stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就待在家里。

② If he should fail the exam， he might feel depressed.如果他考试不及格，他可能会沮丧。

二、其他虚拟语气情况

（1）表示“建议、要求、命令”等词后以及由这些动词衍生出来的名词或过去分词引导的宾语从句： suggest，insist，advise，demand，order，request + that + (should) + 动词原形 (should常省略)

举例①The teacher suggested that we (should) review the key grammar points every week.老师建议我们每周复习核心语法点。

②The doctor suggested that she (should) take a week off.医生建议她（应该）休一周假。③The teacher suggested that we (should) read English aloud every day.老师建议我们每天大声读英语。

（2）Wish后的宾语从句： 表达难以实现的愿望。

①表达与现在事实相反的愿望：wish + 主语 + 动词过去式 (be用were)举例①  I wish I had more time to prepare.我希望我有更多时间准备。

② I wish I were a bird.我真希望我是一只鸟。②表达与过去事实相反的愿望：wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词 / could have + 过去分词

举例① He wishes he hadn’t wasted so much time.他希望自己没有浪费这么多时间。

② I wish I had gone to the concert yesterday.我希望我昨天去了那场音乐会。

③表达将来没有把握或难以实现的愿望：wish + 主语 +would / could / might+动词原形。

举例① I wish that I could be an astronaut one day.我希望将来有一天能够成为宇航员。

② I wish I could travel around the world one day.我希望有一天我能环游世界。

（3）It’s time (that)… 句型中，从句用一般过去时或 should + 动词原形（should 不可省）。表示 “该做某事了”，隐含 “实际行动滞后于时间” 的建议或催促。

举例①It’s time you went to bed.你该去睡觉了。②It's time (that) we left for the airport.我们该出发去机场了。③It's time (that) you washed your clothes.你该洗衣服了。

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