多做模拟试卷在备考过程中具有重要作用，不仅能帮助考生熟悉考试题型和结构，还能检验复习效果、提高应试技巧、增强考试信心、预测考试趋势、提高答题速度和准确率。

四、阅读理解(20 points)

Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions. Each quetion is worth 2 points.

Passage 1

Urban gardening has evolved from a niche hobby into a significantmovement that addresses multiple challenges facing modern cities. Thispractice involves growing plants, vegetables, and fruits in urban areas,utilizing spaces such as rooftops, balconies,community gardens, andeven vertical walls. The benefits of urban gardening extend beyond justproducing food,impacting environmental sustainability,community health,and social cohesion.

Environmentally, urban gardening contributes to biodiversity by creating green spaces that support pollinators and other small creatures. These pockets of vegetation help reduce the urban heat island effect, wherecities become significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas. Plantsabsorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, improving air quality byfiltering pollutants. Additionally, urban gardens manage storm water run off bsorbing rainwater, reducing pressure on drainage systems and preventing flooding.

From a nutritional perspective, urban gardening increases access to fresh,organic produce, particularly in food deserts-areas where affordable healthy food is scarce. This direct access to fresh vegetables and fruits improves dietary habits and reduces reliance on processed foods transported from distant locations.Gardeningalso providesopportunities for physical activity, contributing to improved public healthand reducing rates of obesity and related diseases.

Socially,urban gardens serve as community hubs that bring peopletogether acrosscultural,age,andsocioeconomicboundaries.Community gardenscreatespaceswhereindividuals can shareknowledge, skills, and harvests. They often become inter-generationalspaces where older residents pass down gardening wisdom to youngergenerations.These shared spaces foster a sense of ownership andresponsibility,strengthening community bonds and reducing socialisolation.

Economically, urban gardening can reduce household food expenses andcreate income opportunities through the sale of excess produce. Forsome communities, urban gardening initiatives have developed intoand vocational training,social enterprises,providing employmentparticularly for marginalized groups. Local restaurants often sourcei redients from urban gardens, creating connections between localproducers and consumers.

Despite these benefits, urban gardening faces several challenges. Limitedaccess tosuitable land, especially in densely populated cities, is a majorobstacle. Contaminated soil in some urban areas can make gardeningdifficult without proper remediation. Additionally, maintaining garden  time, knowledge, and resources that not all residents possess.Innovative solutions are addressing these challenges, including the useof raised garden beds,hydroponic systems that require less space andwater, and mobile gardening programs that bring resources to underserved communities.Local governments are increasingly recognizing the value of urban gardening, providing land, funding, andpolicy support to encourage these initiatives.

As cities continue to grow,urban gardening offers a practical andsustainable way to create more livable, resilient communities. Byintegrating food production into urban landscapes, cities can becomemore self-sufficient, environmentally friendly, and socially connected.

27.What are three types of spaces used for urban gardening?

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28.How does urban gardening help reduce the urban heat island effect?

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29.Why is urban gardening particularly important in food deserts?

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30,In what ways do urban gardens strengthen community bonds?

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31 .What innovative solutions are being used to address urban gardening challenges?

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Passage 2

The practice of storytelling has undergone significant transformationsthroughout human history, adapting to new technologies while retaining its fundamental purpose of communicating knowledge,values, and expect From ancient oral traditions to modern digital platformsstorytelling remains a vital part of human culture, serving both individualand collective needs.

In prehistoric times, storytelling was primarily oral, with myths, legends.and histories passed down through generations by storytellers whomemorized and performed these narratives. These stories often servedto explain natural phenomena,establish cultural norms, and preservecommuna histories. The development of writing systems around 3500BCE revolutionized storytelling by allowing narratives to be recorded andpreserved more permanently, expanding their reach across time andspace.

The invention of the printing press in the 15th century marked anothermajor turning point, making books more accessible and affordable. Thisdemocratization of storytelling allowed a wider range of voices and perspecves to emerge,including novels that explored individuaexperiences and emotions in depth. Print media enabled stories to traveacross geographical boundaries, contributing to the spread of ideas andthe development of shared cultural references.

32.How was storytelling primarily conducted in prehistoric times?

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33.What impact did the printing press have on storytelling?

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34.How did 20th-century technologies change storytelling?

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35.How has the internet transformed who can create and share stories?

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36.What essential elements of storytelling remain consistent acrossdifferent mediums?

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